The writer of the best-selling book “Capital in the 21st Century” called on India to follow through on a July pledge by finance ministers from the Group of 20 major economies to cooperate on effectively taxing the world’s largest fortunes.
“India should be active in taxing the rich,” Piketty said at an event organised by Delhi-based think tank Research and Information System for Developing Countries (RIS) and the Delhi School of Economics.
He said India could raise annual revenue worth 2.73% of its gross domestic product by imposing a 2% wealth tax on people with assets of more than ₹100 million ($1.18 million), and a 33% inheritance tax on property worth at least the same amount.
The proportion of national income held by the top 1% richest Indians now surpassed that of their counterparts in the United States and Brazil, Piketty said, citing a 2024 report he co-authored, published by the World Inequality Lab.
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In 2022-23, he added, the richest 1% of India’s population controlled 22.6% of the national income and held 40.1% of the nation’s total wealth.
Speaking at the same event, the Indian government’s chief economic adviser, V. Anantha Nageswaran, opposed Piketty’s call, saying higher taxes could lead to higher overflows.
India’s government abolished a wealth tax in 2015 and has since rejected calls for its return or the introduction of an inheritance tax.
In April, Indian Finance Minister Nirmala Sitharaman said inheritance tax could hit the “middle and aspirational classes”, making it difficult for them to pass on savings or small land holdings to their children. India does not currently levy an inheritance tax.
Over the past year, the cumulative wealth of India’s 100 billionaires increased more than $300 billion to $1.1 trillion, boosted by a stock market boom, according to the Forbes list of the richest Indians published this month.
